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Mohenjo-daro was once a sprawling metropolis.
It was located in the province of Sindh, Pakistan and built around 2600 BCE.
It was inhabited until the 19th century BCE, and was not rediscovered until 1922.
It had a planned layout based on a street grid of rectilinear buildings.
Most were built of fired and mortared brick. Estimates of the area covered by
the city range from 85 to 200 hectares, with an estimated peak population of around 40,000.
The sheer size of the city, and its numerous public buildings
and facilities, suggests a high level of social organization.
The city is divided into two parts, the so-called Citadel and the Lower City.
The Citadel was a mud-brick mound around 12 metres (39 ft) high. It supported
public baths, a large residential structure designed to house about 5,000 citizens,
and two large assembly halls.
The city had a central marketplace, with a large central well. Individual households
or groups of households obtained their water from smaller wells.
It had all the amenities of a modern urban city.
It had a sewer system. Waste water was channeled to covered drains that lined the major streets.
Some of the houses,had bathrooms. Rooms that were set aside for bathing.
Central heating. One building had an underground furnace (known as a hypocaust),
for heated bathing. Most houses had inner courtyards, with doors that opened onto side lanes.
There were also two story buildings.
Two story buildings, plumbing, sewer systems,and heating all in 2600 BCE.
There is also one large building called the "Great Granary". Certain wall divisions in its massive
wooden superstructure appeared to be grain storage bays, complete with air-ducts to dry the grain.
There was no evidence of grain found in the building though so it's purpose remains uncertain.
There is also a large and elaborate public bath, a large building called the "Pillard Hall" thought to
be an assembly hall, and a complex of buildings called "College Hall" which has a total of
78 rooms.
It did not have city walls, but it did have guard towers and defensive fortifications.
When rediscovered in 1922 and excavations reached ground level,
skeletons were discovered, many holding hands and sprawled in the street as if an instant
horrible doom had befallen them. The shocking death scenario displayed a horrific scene
of a catastrophic event befalling the city's inhabitants.
Parents were found trying to protect their children by cuddling them. Others
were found holding the hands of their loved ones. All the skeletons were flattened to the ground.
A father, mother and child were found flattened in the street, face down and still holding hands.
All seemed to have died on the spot as if they were given mere moments to react.
None seemed to have escaped.
Scientists found that the sites radioactive contamination was 50 times (50fach) higher
than normal. The streets were found to be full of black glass lumps. Indicating that
there was a tremendous amount of heat and due to that heat everything melted including stones.
The bodies of the dead were not buried, they did not decay , and they were not eaten by wild animals.
The bones showed no signs of other violence. The skeletons were also found to be highly contaminated by
radiation. They are among the most radioactive ever found,
on par with those at Hiroshima and Nagasaki.
During the excavation scientists found hot spots of radioactivity. An accurate
epicenter of 50 yards in diameter was found. In that area everything had been crystallized,
fused and melted. Sixty yards from the center the bricks are melted on one side,
indicating a blast.
The evidence showed two possibilities. Mohenjo Daro was either destroyed by
a nuclear blast or a meteorite. A metorite was ruled out because no radioactive meteorite
fragments were found at the site and the radioactive contamination was not uniform.
If the destruction was due to a meteorite the radioactive contamination would have been uniform.
The destruction that befell Mohenjo Daro was recorded in the Marhabharata,
an old Hindu manuscript.
The account reads “White hot smoke that was a thousand times brighter than the sun rose in
infinite brilliance and reduced the city to ashes.
Water boiled, horses and war chariots were burned by the thousands.
The corpses of the fallen were mutilated by the terrible heat so that they no longer looked like
human beings”.
It concludes
“It was a terrible sight to see, never before have we seen such a ghastly weapon”.
An ancient, heavily populated city in Pakistan seemed to have been instantly destroyed
4,000 years ago by an incredible explosion that could only have been caused by a nuclear bomb.
If it was destroyed by a nuclear blast, who created the technology and designed the weapons?
If not what could have produced so much heat that it melted rocks and bricks?
What could have caused such a high degree of radioactivity that it left
the skeletons and site so highly contaminated?
Some skeptics of the nuclear blast scenario theorize that Mohenjo Daro was destroyed
seven times by floods and that new cities were rebuilt on top of old ones.
That theory however does not fully answer all the questions that
arise from the findings at this site.
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